Amanda Stovall, MSN, APRN, FNP-BC
Amanda is a family nurse practitioner at Vanderbilt Integrated Internal Medicine in Tullahoma,
Tennessee.
Breast cancer remains one of the most common cancers among women and, while less prevalent, can also impact men. There are many aspects of the disease that go beyond checking for lumps in the breast or scheduling mammograms, making education and awareness important in the fight against
the disease.
Breast cancer occurs when cells in the breast begin to grow uncontrollably, forming a tumor. These cells can spread, or metastasize, to other parts of the body if not treated early. There are different types of breast cancer based on where the disease originates in the breast tissue, such as ductal carcinoma that begins in the milk ducts or lobular carcinoma that begins in milk-producing glands. Each type has unique characteristics and characteristics, and understanding them helps in the treatment and
management of the disease. There are important signs and symptoms to be aware of to determine if breast cancer has developed.
These can include a new lump in the breast or underarm, thickening or swelling of part of the breast, and irritation or dimpling of the skin. Other symptoms might involve redness or flaky skin on the
breast or nipple area, unusual nipple discharge (including blood), or changes in the size or shape of the breast. Pain in any area of the breast can also be a warning sign. If you notice any of these symptoms,
it's important to consult a health care provider for further evaluation.
While it’s true that being a woman and aging are the biggest risk factors for breast cancer, there are other factors that can influence the chance of developing the disease, such as family history, genetics,
lifestyle choices and hormonal factors. Having a close relative with breast cancer can increase your risk, especially if the cancer is linked to genetic mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes, which are associated with both breast and ovarian cancers. A poor diet, lack of exercise, smoking, and alcohol
consumption can also raise your risk. On the other hand, maintaining a healthy diet and staying physically active can help lower your chances of breast cancer occurring. Lastly, hormones play a role in prevalence, and prolonged exposure to estrogen, such as starting menstruation at a young age or having late menopause, can also impact your risk. By being aware of these risk factors, individuals can make informed decisions about their health and take proactive measures to reduce their chances of developing the disease.
Early detection is one of the most powerful tools we have in reducing breast cancer deaths. The American Cancer Society recommends women begin regular mammograms at age 40 (or earlier if they are at high risk). In addition to regular mammograms, breast self-exams can help women get familiar
with how their breasts normally look and feel. This makes it easier to notice changes that should be evaluated by a doctor. For those at higher risk, whether due to genetics, family history, or other factors,
there may be options for more frequent screenings or preventive treatments. It’s a good idea to talk to your doctor about your specific risk factors and what steps you can take to stay proactive.
Dealing with a breast cancer diagnosis can be an overwhelming experience. There are support groups and local services available that offer help for both patients and their families when dealing with a breast cancer diagnosis. Whether it’s navigating treatment options, providing emotional support, or
helping with everyday tasks, it’s important to remember that no one has to face breast cancer alone.
